This is a deformation and violation of the normal functioning of the veins in the legs.In a normal situation, the blood in the veins moves from the bottom to the top;This is achieved due to the narrowing of the heart, the elastic walls of the vessel, the muscles around the vessel and the valve in the vessel.This valve allows blood to flow upwards and prevents it from flowing in the opposite direction.When there is a violation, the vessel walls expand, the valve cavity breaks, and the blood can partially move in the opposite direction, in the opposite direction, the vessel walls expand further and the valve weakens.Varicose veins appear.The disease is most common among people over 30 years of age, with women being the most common.
Causes and prevention of varicose veins of the lower extremities
In most cases, the causes of varicose veins lie in a sedentary lifestyle: we spend a long time in a static position (especially sitting) and do not give the necessary stress to our muscles.The following risk factors may also affect:
- Excessively tight clothing (pants, socks),
- Uncomfortable shoes (especially high heels),
- disturbances in hormonal balance,
- Frequent hot bath, sauna visits,
- prolonged vigorous physical activity, heavy lifting,
- obesity.
The main prevention of varicose veins is maintaining a healthy lifestyle.Even if you have a sedentary job, try not to sit for several hours in a row without moving: stand up, stretch your legs, walk more;In addition to moderate physical activity, do not forget about a balanced diet that will protect you from many diseases.
Pregnancy is one of the serious risk factors for varicose veins.However, the genetic predisposition is still being studied, and there are several studies that disprove it.
Symptoms
The disease can develop very slowly: years or even decades.The symptoms of the initial stage are different, but for convenience, they are combined in a certain complex under the general feeling of heaviness in the legs:
- Fatigue in the legs without serious exercise,
- smart veins,
- nocturnal cramps in the calves,
- Sensation in the legs.
If you do not monitor the symptoms of varicose veins at the initial stage, the vein will become more deformed.In the evenings, the swelling in the legs and ankles will begin to disappear by morning;Spider veins will appear, then swollen veins and nodules will be felt.If you do not consult a specialist at this stage, in addition to a clear decrease in the quality of life and obvious pain, a person risks getting skin pigmentation and trophic ulcers.The further course of varicose veins carries the risk of developing a serious disease such as complications such as bleeding from venous nodes and thrombosis, which can be fatal by contacting a specialist.
Diagnostics
The diagnosis of varicose veins is quite simple - it is an examination of the patient and an ultrasound, a study, a study and a study, which shows the degree of damage and the degree of damage in order to choose the optimal treatment.If for some reason (for example, when the damaged veins are deep, the ultrasound does not provide all the necessary information), the specialist, the specialist, will take a contrast agent under the x-ray into the vein.
Treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities
Non-surgical treatment of varicose veins (special physical exercises, massage, wearing compression garments, taking drugs to strengthen the walls of blood vessels) will help only in the initial stage.But unfortunately, very few patients become specialists at this point.Perhaps because of the widespread prevalence of the disease, or relying on traditional methods of treatment of wastes that have not proven their effectiveness, or resigning to the expansion of the vessels, signaling an intermediate stage.
Surgical treatment of varicose veins, like any other surgical intervention, requires a highly qualified team of doctors treating the patient.After all, serious contraindications to the operation can be found, so trust your health only to experienced specialists in well-equipped medical centers.
For our patients, we are ready to provide all known, clinically proven treatment methods: from conservative (non-surgical) to surgery.Among the most effective:
- Laser coagulation (removal by laser, i.e. with heat exposure of enlarged vessels) - this method is suitable for small vessels and for removing spider veins located near the surface of the skin;
- sclerosis (injection of a special substance into a safely blocked vessel) - this method is suitable only for peripheral, small vessels;
- Phlebectomy is a surgical removal of the affected area of a vein, used in the advanced stages of the disease;
- Radiofrequency coagulation.
The choice of treatment method depends on many factors (varicose veins, patient's condition, degree of contraindications for manipulation).Specialists try to provide the patient with the most detailed information about his condition, listen to his wishes and decide on a treatment method suitable for a specific situation.